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Return Probability for the Lamplighter Walk on a Tree

For the switch-walk-switch lamplighter walk on Z2Td\mathbb{Z}_2 \wr T_d, prove the sharp asymptotic p2n(e,e)=ρd2nexp[(π2(log(d1))2+o(1))nlog2n]p_{2n}(e,e) = \rho_d^{2n} \exp[-(\pi^2 (\log(d-1))^2 + o(1)) \frac{n}{\log^2 n}] with ρd=2d1d\rho_d = \frac{2\sqrt{d-1}}{d}.

Result
Proved
Status
Resolved
AI contribution
AI-discovered
Method
Argument
Field
Probability on groups
Posed by
Year posed
2025
Years open
1y
Solved
2026-05-15
Model
QED (GPT-5.5 Pro)
Vendor
OpenAI
Collaborators
Verification
Independently expert-verified
Publication
Preprint
Significance
10 / 100
Disclosed cost
Wikipedia
No dedicated article

What the AI did

The QED multi-agent system produced the proof from the problem statement alone, through multiple rounds of decomposition and refinement.

Verification

Verified by the contributing domain expert who posed the problem; public preprint.

Source

arXiv:2605.21744 - Return probability for the switch-walk-switch lamplighter walk

Discussion